Compressor.



, L'. P. HARRIS..

COMPRESSOR. I APPLICATION man 1uLv15', 11914.

Patented Feb. 15,1916.

2 SHEETS-shaun 5 vw@ Wto@ Sona/z3 Har/v5.

@59M atto@ da, w

L. B. HARRIS. COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY I5. I9I4.

Patented Feb.15,1916.

-z SHEETS-SHEET 2.

TImfualflfIoz.1 fd@ ./fa/T/s.

.UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-I

LEONARD E. HARRIS, 0E HADDoN HEIGHTS, NEW JERSEY, AssIGNoRTo HARRIS` PATENTS COMPANY, 0E NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 0E DELAWARE.

coMPREssoR.

vApplication filedV July 15, 1914. Serial No. 851,079.

Great Britain, residing at Haddon Heights, -in the county of Camden and State of New Jersey, have invented new'. and useful Improvements in Compressors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to air compressors, and particularly to thse typ'es of air compressors which comprise a plurality ofcylnders.4 Il "A prin v produce an air:v compressor of very simple and'gcompact construction and arrangement,

furthe-r particularly adapted for compressingv the air-in stages.

tfflfhe invention is especiallyapplicable tol a typeof compressor in which a pairv of cylinders are disposed oppositely to .each other-i'n 'axial alinement', and one of ,the objects of the invention is -to provide improved `means I for connecting 'andj drivi-ng the air displacers or pistons from a'common.

crank. l I v Al further object of the invention l is lto n provide' means forproducing a very ,simple and efiicient construction for the parts assotubes which facilitates their insertion and ciated with the high pressure Ycylinder where the invention is applied to a two stage compressor enabling these parts to pact and compactly arranged. 4

In all compressors, particularly those com-y. pressing "air, to a relatively high pressure;

there is considerable loss in the cylinders'due to clearance, and one of the objects of thisv invention 1sI to provide an arrangement for reducing the loss from"this.elearance to a minimum. j.

A further object ofthe invention 4is to provide a simple arrangement for thecooling away. Fig. 24 is a longitudinal vertical sec tion through the compressor. Fig. 3 is an end view and partial section showing thev high pressure end of the compressors.

I Specification of Letters Patent.

-trunk piston having suitable packing rings be very comj Patented Feb, 15, 1916;. l

Referring more particularly to the parts, the frame of the compressor preferably comprises a hollowV base 10, the lower portion of which is Vofsubstantially rectangular form, and provided with suitable bosses 11 for holding down'bolts 'to attach the base on a suitable foundation. The lower portion of thislbase is formed into a water chamber or reservoir 12, andvendlwalls 13 of this water chamber are formed with openings 14\ pro lvided with` removable'cover plates 15. The l f1 A v j end walls 13 are extended upwardly. `and c pal object ofthe -invention is to unite with the upwardly extended side walls l'of the base to form a housing or crank ca se l16,fsaid housing having an enlarged central v l f v opening 17, which is closed normally .bya f object' of the invention' is to! provide an Aair compressor havingl anim-:- prove'd arrangement for cooling the air after compression; and havinga construction removable saddle plate or bonnet plate18. This upper vportion of the base forms a shaft 29, thel axis of which is preferably disposed on the central transverse axis or the base.v The bearings 19 are provided with suitable removable caps 20. I-n thefpresent embodiment of the invention the cylinders are separate from Vthe base but are suppo-rted entirely by the base. Above the end cover plates 15 the base is formed with yend Afaces 21-and 22, the latter of which in the -present instanceA forms a seat' for a low pressure cylinder 23 provided with a 'suitable' flange for this purpose. The cylinder is open 'at its inner end, and provided wit-h a displacer 24, preferably in the form of a4 25'near its outer end, and provided with a wrist pin 26 'to which a connecting rod 27 is attached, the opposite end of the said connec'ting rod being attached to the crank 28 lon the aforesaid crank shaft 29. The outer portion of thelcylinder 23 is formed with a water ljacket 30,l and. this water jacket is preferably connectedby a pipe connection with the upper portion of the water' chamber at the point 32. A suitable oiling connection 33 is provided for lubricatingv the displacer o-r piston 24;

The outer end of the cylinder 23 is provided 'with an air head 34 ofany common form provided with an inlet valve 35, which may take air from the atmosphere,l said -valve comprising a suitable substantially tulos the cylinder 23, I prefer to passv it throughV cooling pipes or coils 45 in the Water chamber 12. vWhere the vcompressor is of a tivo stage type this cooling chamber constitutes an intercooler, for cooling the air between the stages of compression, and if' desired it may also 'be used as an afterscooler to cool the air after its-final compression. This is the' arrangement illustrated, that is I provide a cooling pipe or coil 45 which takes the coil.

the air from the low pressure cylinder, and which delivers it to the high pressure cylinder. I also provide a similar coil 46, which takes the air from the high pressure cylinder and cools it, and then delivers it to the service pipe. These coils and 46v are preferably elongated longitudinally of the longitudinal axis of the air compressor. The coil 45 has a straight extension 47 Which passes ,through a stuiing box 48 in the cover ,plate .15, which is adjacent to the loW pressure cylinder, and a, suitable connection or coupling 49 is made With the projecting extremity of this'extension. A suitable pipe connection 50 leads to the couplingl from a similar coupling 51', Which connects with' the air head 34, so `as to 'conduct the air into provided With a straight vextension V52 which passes through a similar ystuiling boX 53 in the cover plate l15, which is adjacent to the high pressure cylinder 54.

The arrangement and construction of the' high pressure cylinder and. its associated parts will now be described. Instead of bolting the high pressure cylinder directly .to the base I prefer to provide a highpressurev cylinder seat. 54 having a flange 55 which is attached to the end face 21. This seat, as indicated most clearly inbFig. 2, is offset away from the crank shaft29, 'and is provided With an enlarged opening or counterbore 55', Which receives a center plate 56, upon Which the inner end or head`57 of the high pressure cylinder 54 seats. Inforder lto make an efficient packing for thefhi'gh'` pressure piston 58 at this point I prefer to provide the inner end of the'high pressure cylinder with a circumferential recess 59 Iin which I provide a cup leather 60, said cup.

leather being vheld between the center plate 56 and the head of the cylinder in the recess 59. The inner portion of the seat 54 is formed With an integral cross head guide 61, at one end of the guide and the u nsupported end of the guide projects towardthe The other .end 'of the coil 45 isv shaft 29, said cross head guide comprising an upper guide 62 and a lovyer guide 63, be tween which a cross head 64 is arranged to reciprocate. Said cross head .is formed With' oppositelyy projecting pins 65, and to these pins attach connectingV rods 66,the cross head ends of these rods being held in position by suitable Wasl1ersf67 and pins 68. These 'rods 65 attach to the' same crank 28 thatthe rod 27v attaches to, the heads 69 of.

the rods 66 being'dispos'ed on opposite sides of thehead 70 of the rod 27, and in this Way taking up the length of the crank pin 28.

IVith this arrangement it is understood that l provide a pair olf connecting rodsfor the high pressure end which are. disposed re-v spectively on opposite sides of the cross head i guide.

This arrangement is very advanta-, I z

geous as it produces a very compact arrangearranged upon the stem f the valve. The

case of this valve 73 is of tubular form, and is connected to anl elbow 76, which elbow is in turn connected by a pipe connection 77 With the extension 52 from the intercooler. Suitable couplings 78 and 79, are used for making the connections. and the pipe `connection is also preferably provided with a suitable relief valve 80 of any suitable construction. The outlet valve 81 for the high pressure cylinder is of the same type as the outlet valve 41 of the lovv4 pressure cylinder, but of smaller dimensions, and, furthermore, the outer portion of the 'high pressure valve 81 is provided With a threaded nipple ,82 for making a connection With avpipe indicated at 83, which leads the air from the .high pres- Asure cylinder down into the coils 46 of the after cooler. l

In connection with the high pressure piston I provide an arrangement `for insuring that the clearance in lthe vend of thecylinder will be reduced, to a minimum. For this purpose I prefer to form'the high pressure 'Q piston 84 of substantially tubular form, and

arrange it With its inner end abutting against a counterbore 85 in the outer face `oit the cross head. I then secure` this tubular piston to the cross head `by, means of a ter to' lit neatly in the bore of the cylinder.`

IIhis head 86 retains the packing rings 87 of the piston. In order to insure that in the lao through bolt or stem 85', the outer end of".

iso

with a water jacket. 90 of cylindrical form -86 of the bolt can be drawn up securely against the washer. Attention is called to .outward stroke of the piston this head will is very advantageous as it tends to prevent 'extreme or sudden changes in the temperature in the air connections'andthis is very desirable. covers of the reservoiron the end walls of thebase is considered highly advantageous as it very much simplifies the finishing of the parts and facilitates the assembling of the parts. Special attention is called also tO-the construction and varrangement of the highV the fact that the means for adjusting'this head 86 is readily accessible. The highpressure cylinder 54 is preferably provided and provided with lflange 91, which seats over and bolts to the fiange 55 of Jthe high pressure cylinder' seat. Asuitable oil connection 92' is made through the jacket90 'connecting with drilled holes 93 for conducting oil down to the high pressure piston or high pressure air displacer.A

4Thewater jacket 90 is connected by a.

suitable pipe -connection 9a with the water chamber 12, said connection having its ends attached at the points 95 and 96.- The outer end of the jacket 90 is provided with a water outlet 97 and has an integral outer `head 'with `an opening 98, which receives the outer end'of the air head 72. The said outer end of the air head 7 2 projects through this opening, and is preferably threaded so as to receive a nut 99, which clamps down on the head of the jacket and secures thesame in position. The pipe, which is indicated at 83 Ifr conducting the air from the high pressure cylinder to the cooler preferably has connected with said cylinders.

connected `with `it a relief valve indicated. in

` dotted lines at 100 in Fig. 3, said relief valve being of any suitable construction.

Special attention is called to the arrange-A' ment of the crosshead guide between the pair of.. connectingV rods which connect. the cross head with the crank, and also to the use of this arrangementv in combination with a trunk piston for the low pressure cylinder.

This arrangement together with the offset of -1 the seat for the high pressure cylinder, en-

ahles me to bring the axis of the crank shaft von` thecentral transverse aXis of the base.

-S. pecialiattention is also called to the ar- .ranement of the after cooler and intercoolielg'qin the base of the compressor, and also. the advantageous arrangement for facilitating the arrangement or removal of the cooling coils. This is evidentlyaccomplished simply by disconnecting the couplings 49 and'79, and then removing theA ,large reservoir for -the'coling water. This pressure piston for adjusting the piston to prevent losses due to clearance at the end of the cylinder, and .the method of putting on or removing the packing rings without springing them made possible by this arrangement. l

It is understoodthat the construction described above is onlyone of the many embodiments or forms my invention may take, and I do not wish to bevlimited in the practice of the invention, nor in my claims, to the particular embodiment set forth.

1. An air compressor, comprising, in combination, a hollow base, an air cylinder at one side of said base separate fromsaidbase Securing the cylinders and the.'

andv supported entirely by said base, a secder, a crank shaft disposed between said cylinders, the bottom, end walls and the upper wall of said base operatingto 'confine water whereby said hollow base constitutes a reservoir, air displacers reciprocating in said cylinders and connected with said crank shaft, and air cooling coils insaid reservoir 2. An air compressor, comprising, in combination, a hollow base, an air^ cylinder at one side of said base separate from .said base and supported entirely by said base, a second air cylinder separate from said base and supported entirely by said base at the other side of said base and ,opposite said first .cyl-

inder, a crankshaft disposed between'said cylinders, the bottom, end walls and the upper wall of said'base operating to confine water whereby said hollow base constitutes a reservoir, air displacers reciprocating-in said cylinders and connected with said crankV shaft, and air cooling coils in 'said reservoir. connected with said cylinders, said base having a crank case inclosing said crank shaft,

the upper wall of said base forming the bottom wall of said crank case.

Y 3. An air` compressor, comprising, in combination, a hollow base'having a bottomV wall,l end walls .and an upper wall, an air cylinder separate from said base seating upon and supported entirely. on `one of said end walls, a second air cylinder separate l from said base seating upon'and supported entirely on the other end wall of said base opposit'e Said first cylinder, a crank shaft ervoir connected respectively with said cylinders.

` 4. An air compressor, comprising, in conibination, a hollow base, an air cylinder sepa- Vrate from said-base and entirely supported on said base at one side, a second air cylinder4 separate from said base and entirely Asupported on said base at the other side and opposite to said first cylinder, a crank shaft disposed between said cylinders and having a crank pin, pistons reciprocating in said cylinders, a connecting rod connecting said crank pin with one of said pistons, a crosshead guide for the other cylinder projecting toward said crank shaft, a crosshead moving in s aid crosshead guide and connected with the adjacent piston, a connecting rod on each,A

side of said guide attached to said crosshead and attached to `said crank pin, 'said base having a bottom, endl walls and an, upper wall for retaining water whereby said base constitutes a reservoir, said base having a crank. case thereabove, the upper wall of `said baseiforming the bottom wall of said crank case, and air cooling coils in said reservoir connected respectively with said. cylinders. i v

5. An air compressor, comprising, in com;- bination, a base having a water chamber, an air cylinder mounted on said base at'one side, a second air cylinderV mounted on said base opposite said first cylinder, a pair of cooling coils in said water chamber, means for connectingl both of said cylinders with one of said cooling coils adjacent said cylinders, means forv connecting the other coil with one of said cylinders, said water cham loer having removable covers adjacent said cylinders, said cooling coils having integral extensions passing through said covers, the connection with said cylinders being formed on the exterior of said covers, and stui'iing boxes in said covers where said coil exten sions pass through the same.

6. An air compressor comprising in com bination, a base having a water chamber,

an air cylinder mounted'on said'base at one seatingv on said end walls, pistons reciprocating in said. cylinders and connected with said crank shaft, and air cooling coils within said rescovers, and stuffing boxes in, said covers where vsaid extensions pass through the same.'

7. In an air compressor in combination, a base, a low pressure cylinder supported on said base at'one side, a high pressure cylin der supported on said base opposite said first cylinder, a crank shaft having acrank.

on the opposite sides of said cross head guide.

8. In an air compressor, in combination, a base, a lowv pressure air cylinder supported on said base, a trunk piston reciproeating therein, a high pressure air cylinder supported on said basel opposite said first cylinder, a crank shaft disposed between` saidv cylinders over said base, a crosshead guide projecting from said high pressure cylinder toward said crank shaft, a high pressure piston reciprocating in said high pressure cylinder, a crosshead connected therewith sliding on said guide, a pair of connecting rods attached'to said crosshead guide and disposed on opposite sides of said crosshead, and a connecting rod attached to said trunk piston, said crank shaft havingl a common pin attached to all three of said connecting rods. y

9. In an air compressor, in combination, a base, an air cylinder supported on said base at one side, va second 'air cylinder supported on said basev at the other side, a. crank shaft disposed between said cylinvsa ders, a piston reciprocating ifi-said first A,

named cylinder, a piston reciprocating in said second named cylinder, a crosshead guide corresponding to said second named cylinder and projecting therefrom toward said crank shaft, a crosshead sliding in said guide and attached to the piston of said second named cylinder, a pair of connecting rods attached to said. crosshead respectively on opposite sides of said guide, and a connecting rod Vattached to said first named piston, said crank shaft having 'a common crank pin attached to all` of said connecting rods, said crosshead' supported entirely from -its outer end adjacent its corresponding cylinder.

, l0. In an air compresser in combination, a base, a low pressureair cylinder mounted on said base at one side, a highpressure air cylinder mounted on said base opposite said first cylinder, a piston reciprocating in said low pressure cylinder, a high pressure pisinsides high pressure piston, a crank shaft having a crank between said cylinders, a connecting rod connecting said crank with said low pressure piston, a pair-of .connecting rods connectingsaid crank with said cross head and disposed respectively on opposite sides of said cross head guide.

11. In an air compresser in combination, a base, a lov; pressure air cylinder bolted to an end face of said base, a`seat for a high pressure air cylinder bolted to the opposite end face of said base, a high pressure air` cylinder bolted to said seat, a low pressure piston reciprocating in said low pressure cylinder, a high pressure piston reciprocating in said high pressure cylinder, said seat being oiset away from said end face toward said high pressure cylinder, a cross head guide formed integral 'with said seat and proJecting away from said high -pressure cylinder, a cross head reciprocating in said cross head `guide and connected with said high pressure piston, a crank shaft disposed substantially on the central axis of saidbase and having a crank between said/cylinders,

a connecting rod connecting said crank with said low pressure cylinder, and a pair of connecting rods connecting said crank with said cross head and disposed respectively on opposite sides of said cross head.

'12. In an air compresser in combination, a base, a low pressure air cylinder bolted to an end face of said base, a seat for a highv pressure air cylinder bolted to the opposite end face of said base, a high pressure air cylinder bolted to said seat, a low pressure piston reciprocating in said low pressure cylinder, a high pressure piston reciprocat-V ing in saidhigh pressure cylinder, said seat being offset away from said end face t0- ward said high pressure cylinder, a cross head guide formed integral with said seat.

and projecting away'from said'high pressure cylinder, a cross head reciprocating in said cross head guide and connected with said high pressurepiston, a crank shaft disposed substantiailyon the central. axis of said base and having a crank between said cylinders, a connecting'rod connecting said crank with said low pressure cylinder, a pair of connecting rods connecting said crank with said .cross head and disposed respectively on opposite sides of said crossl head, and a water jacket for said high pressure cylinderbclted over said seat.'

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set J my hand in presencelof t-wo subscribing witnesses. l l

LEONARD Bl HARRIS.

w itnesses l WM. H. SIEGENER, WM. F. SIEGENER. 

